The typical trim in small floating ball valves is Austenitic Stainless Steel (304 or 316); this is what is stocked and readily available.

A standard for allowable leak rates during ball valve testing,addressing shutoff valves (bubble tight) instead of control valves (which leak like a sieve).

Positive isolation can be obtained with the correct selection of valves. Use a DBB (double block and bleed) valve and you can have the isolation that is required.

Differences in ball valve design, especially with respect to Ball/Seat combinations in metal sealing applications.

A vendor who quoted me 'bubble tight shutoff' for several full bore ball valves. No mention even of FCI 70-2 (Classes I thru VI for control valves - some ball valve companies do) or even API 598 on hi

A water system with a large manifold feeding 10 3 inch pipes. Each pipe off the header has one 3" ball valve, about 1 ft of pipe and a nozzle.When complete the valves are commanded closed under full

Industrial expert's opinion is maximum torque required to actuate ball valve is"Torque ability to open under large differential pressure and to close under high flow conditions ".

At one time I had a table that listed flow coeficients versus percent open for Cameron ball valves but I can no longer find it.It seems to be a somewhat vague enquiry.